Color television tube with polarizing filter



Ct. 6,` 1959 1, SUCHER 2,907,917

COLOR TELEVISION TUBE WITH POLARIZING FILTER Filed OCT.. 3, 1956 102i i100 r1 4 j l .5h @Tl/E ma w f l :l

INVENTOR `J 5 y 5 5 f-f e .HQ

ATTORNEY :each color value.

United States Patent@ The present application'is a continuation in part of 2,907,917 Patented Oct. 6, 1959 2 ample the red being in vertical position, thegreen being at 120 in one angular direction, and the' bluebeing at 120 in the other angular direction The elongation and turninglof the, electron beam forV each respective primary color will be effected by magnetic deflection means `or by electrostatic deflection means and the length of the swept or elongated beam will -normally be about 3 to l5 times its width and preferably 8 to 12 v times its width.

my prior application, Serial Number 467,505, iled No-4 vember 8, 1954, and it particularly relates to a method of filtering and purifying the color values which are achieved according to thenovel color production system of said prior application. v

It is among the particular objects of the present invenf tion to provide a novelcolor kinescope or othercathode ray tube in which there will be a sharp deiinition of the v brilliance or brightness, of highly useful life andv of maxi-v mum freedom from color dilution and color bleeding and which will produce clear and accurate color Jimages with` out haziness or bleeding. s Y v A further object of the present inventionis to provide a novel color control system particularly adapted to cathode ray tubes in which the cycle of operation may be maintained at high frequency without color contamination and with actual alignment and definition of the color images, A. v

l Inpresent systems of colored television there is great difficulty in obtaining correct registry of thev electron beam onto the particular colored phosphors andthere is usually a bleeding of the color or a production of incorrect color values, and itis among the objects of lthe present invention to readily obtain proper registry without the use of masking plates or complicated screens and without the necessity of using a plurality of electron guns which are usually required `in prior dot registration ordot projection systems, and with relativelsl simple and readilycolor lter means. A further object is to obtain registry without the use of plates Vhaving $600,000 to 100 000 openings and which require correct alignment of the beam, the opening Ain the masking plate or` screen and the Ycolored phosphor upon the face plate, which prior methods result in wastage `of the'effectivenessof the beam and in decreasedbright- `ness and with greatly increased intensity Still further objects and advantageswillV appearrin the more detailed description set forthbelow, it being understood, however, that this more detailed'fdescription is given by wayy of: illustration and explanation only and not by way of limitation, since various changes therein may bemade by those skilled in the art without departing from ,the scope and. spirit'of the present invention.V The primary feature of the present invention resides-in This shaping is done purely by means of the sweep sig, nal, either arising from current or voltage, which is developed in the ion flow path or beam flow path by electromagnetic or electrostatic means. v

It has been found most suitable to provide a face plate or screen susceptible torpolarization which will have a plurality of closely spaced lines composed of red, green i and blue lined phosphors, Yeach set of which in parallelism will be arranged at an angle of l120 to the next parallel set so that the polarized colors will forman obliquely crossing grid on the face ofthe kinescope. s

VAn important feature of the present invention resides in the fact that v superimposed by the hexagonal crossing system of the phosphor lines there will be a transverse polarizing arrangement whichwill preferentially leave the desired colorsV 'passthroughin full intensity and at the ,same time block out any alternative undesired color values. Although many diiferent types of polarizing or filtering arrangements have been provided, it has been found most satisfactory according to one embodiment of the `inventionto provide a fresnel arrangement which will extend transversely across theV colored lines.

Actually the lens arrangement which is positioned be,- tween the screen and the observer may consist of a plurality of hexagonal units each consisting ofa series of and brightness in using asingle electron gun and by sweeping or velcni'gating 4thesdotto Aform a bar which is angularlyA turned or ldisplacedfor eaclr respective color by anangle of 120?. l f. The ,screen or' faceV plate in turn will, have thecolored phospho'rs arranged in lines or in striations which are respectively positioned ati 120 ltoene-another, for exconcentric fresnel wedge arrangements which willactas aV polarizing lter or diiraction grating which will shield yout the light or iilter out the .light arises from adjacent obliquely positionedcolored stripes and which will only permit passage of the color values from the main stripe. The Vhexagonal diffractionpatterns will encircle the crossfovers between the colored lines., l.; Y l The thickness ofthe color bars maybe varied'in the grid withl the space betweenthebars varying between 25 and and the thickness of the bars varying between 25 to 50% any parallelseries or arrangement.

Normally, 'in the, preferred arrangement, the redand blue bars maybe of minimum width,say from 20 to 30%, whereas the green bars could have maximum width of from 30vto 40%. t v

The number o f colored' phosphor lines of each different colorwould be the maximum obtainablefor properden ition and resolution for anysize picture tube. The spac-V inn; and thickness will vary to give the desired result. Y

vBy this combination of red, green 4and blue bars in crisscross arrangement, it is possible to produce the subsidiary or merged colors byilluminating two primary colors either simultaneously or in rapid succession.

Although the screen face may be provided on one side with crisscross colorlines and on the other side 'withVv the Ahexagonal diffraction patterns around each crossing point, they are desirably formed into two plate elements with the crisscross color ,lines being positioned closest to the sourceof the electron beam and with the hexagonal diffraction pattern being positioned closest to the eye of the observer. f The. spacing between k the diifraction grating and Vthe colored lines mayrange fromV 1A inch to l inch to 2 inches. Desirably where two color li-nes are outlined transverse to one another togive a partially colored picture, the position of the crossing point is such that the fresnel or lter arrangement will consist of a series lof squares centered upon the crossing point, i

Although not limited thereto', vit has been'found in one embodiment of the present invention to place the red lines vertically in alclgsely parallelA spaced Varrangement With] the vgreen V211151 Blue liilfS' being* positel on either side of s'u'ch vertical However, this arrangement maybe. widelvlvarild depending .111.3611 the COH- trol electricalarrangiements whichwill swing 'or rotate the activating electron beams in accordance with the layout uponthe face platev of the tube.

A particular feature of the present invention resides in the fact that the activatingelectron beams vare elongated or sweptto form bars, the longitudinal airis ef which vwill always Abe parallel to the longitudinal axis ofthe respective corresponding color lines on the `face plate or screen f the kinescope.

r Irt the,preferred arra'igern'ent,'fthM 'ne/cli of the tube is arq/ined with a #deflection een 1 a color phase s'weep'coil for each primary; or, fa focus coil, an ion trap and an'e'rrtter in that'order along the neck of the tube frorrrthe face plate,

e Finally, there will be the base shell provided with the connection `pins and prongs, i

The color phasing sweepjcoil may work either infront or in back of the focusc'oilregarding the color screen or grid as the front. The important features of the present invention is that each electronfbearn'i's elongated or tlattened into a bar, substantially andrsi'rnul usly with the angular displacement so "als to Sweep' and* llluminte the corresponding color line on the fae` 'platef`of the kinescope with vthe result that the invention'mahesfuse of electron bar vbeams rather than dots to achivethe lfinal colored images. L

The polarized color lines will' be Yillilrninated the angular sweeping effect corresponding to the 'color desired and the number ofcolors which will result will be deterdemodulatorJ- mined bythe Vcolor information furnished by the color` 4' ing pattern Z, which will purify the light and filter out any wrong light Values.

In the form shown, although not restricted thereto, the vertical bars or bands R will be red; the oblique to the left upwardly bars G will be green; and the obliquely upwardly to the right bars B will be blue. This color arrangement may be widely varied, but the uniformv 120 angle spacingshould be maintained. l Y e At the colorless crossing points D, the black and white pictures may be facilitated. It will be noted that the spacing between the color lines B, G and R is always greater than the width of the color lines themselvesby a ratio varying between 5 tol and 2 to l, but preferably in the order ofbetween 4 to l', and?, to l'. Desirably, the green lines in turn may be heavier and wider than the blue lines. These ratios could vary depending on the desired color rendition and toning to be effected. i

Referring-'to the neck E of the tube A in the form 7 shown in Fig. l, there is shown the end cap F with the electrical connection and location pins on prongs G, the ion trap H, 'the focus coil J, the color phase sweep coils K and the deflection coils L.

Referring to Fig. 4 the `red linesl R, the blue lines B and the green lines G are shown approachinga crossing point D, and for purposes of contrast there are shown the elongated or swept beams or bars S sweeping the red vertical lines R, or'swee'ping the green lines G, or sweeping Vthe blue lines B. Desirably these bars S are slightly wider than the colored lines R, G and B, respectively, so that they will extend beyond the side edges of the lines R, G and B. u

In Fig. 4 it is indicated that these swept beams S also extend' beyond the crossing point D so that there will be 'an eftectivecolor value equivalent to one-half to threequarters vof their length when they pass across the crossing'point D and there will be no substantial loss in color l value when they are moving across the neutral points D.

with either 'aeprrmagaefie or cremas-fatte, dessertes methods there `will be used three Vpairs or three set's'f deection coils'or deflection plates, twobeingprovided forch color,'whic'h willh'ave th'e'eict of longating the spot into abar and alsotunin'gsuch bar soV thatit will be 'aligned with the particular color 'to which itfc'oi'responds.

Wirth the foregoingv and other 'objects inview, the inven? ftion consists of the no'vel construction, combination. and `arrangern'entofparts as hereinafter Vmore' specifically d'escribed, and illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, wherein is shown an embodiment of theinvention, butit to be understood that changes, variations and modificationslc'an be resorted'to which fall within the scope of the claims'hereunt'o appended.

In the drawings whereinV`v like referencecharacters denotecorespnding parts throughout thev seyeral views: *le is a diagrammatic view in side perspective of a kinescope with n theface plate removed andenlarged, showing thesuperimposed hexagonal gr'id Varrangement crisscross grid thereon of varying coloref`fect.g

v Fig. 2 is aj transverse sectional view upon'the'line 242 of Fig. l, showing the diffraction grating applied tothe side of the screen toward, the observer. I Fig. 3 is a rear elevational'veW-showirg the portion'of thescreen uponwhich the electron beam travels' with its swept Vbeam will overlap a cros'singpoint arid' giveV a" colorV value.- t v eenen Fie# 11013... were a sawda ne having a .face plate or sereen C'Wifh 'a' criss-crossgrid X'of primary colors adjacentl source.

On the other side thereis' positintaf ldillg "No special claim is made for the construction and arrangement of thecap F, the ion trap H, the focus coil I, Vthe color phase sweep coils K and the detiection coils L.

However, the present invention is directed to the provision of an elongated or swept electron spot as indicated at S iti-Figs. 4 and 5, which will sweep along the colored lines or striati'onsB, `Gand R, dependingy upon the par ticular color which is to be achieved.

It'will beenoted that in Fig. 5, for example, the spot S`- will slightly overlap the oblique f'striations, B and G, vand will produce some color values in blue and green, whereasthe color v alue tobe produced should lbe in red.

Therefore, at this critical position, it is desirable tointensify thered and filter outthe blue and green.

This will occur'rnore `frequently at the crossing points, dependingupon the width and length of thel spot S than it will at the positions away from the crossing points as shown in Fig. Y4. j

The relative position of the red, blue and green lines or s triations may be varied but they should be vapart as indicated in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, and actually, although the width-is shown as about 1/3 the length in Figs'. 3 and 4, the width may be anywhere from 1/3 to 1A@ the length "of the swept beam. y

whi'hj encircle each crossing point D, as best shown inV Figsf'i 'and 3.

These striations or tooth eiects, as indicated at Z Vwill have the effect of intensifying the colored light which istransverse thereto, andY cutting olf the bleeding values `v`from#Stdj'facertt and oblique lines. '.35

plurality of color lines to obtain maximum of color purity, in which the colored lines cross each other according to a predetermined angular pattern. e e Each pattern Yor crossing point is provided with a polarizing filter ordiiractin; grating sothat the light which is parallel to the direction .of the 4.main color stripe or striation will lbe preferentially permitted to Apass.

The particular color which is l'coming lol rom; an 'oblique line at a substantial angle will be'blocked out.l

Maximum color purity isthus achieved by'placing a continuous Vpattern of dilraction gratings or fresnel lines transverse to the direction of fthe color lines upon the 'main color screen, which lineswill extend substantially to a medium point between the main color lines with the diffraction gratings covering thel entire area and filtering the entire area. 'e i l' Where a 3-color system is utilized, the diffraction grating will be arranged in the form of hexagons, whereas with a 2colorsystem will be arranged in squares.

In the preferred form of the invention the color screen is positioned between the sourceof illumination or the lelectron beam and the diffraction grating lso that the only .lightvthat vgoes through to the dilfraction'grating isv that from the bars S, which have been generated by the electron beam acting on the color screen.

By the use of adiiraction grating lter on the observer :side of a polarized color screen, it is possible to ,correct 'for the elongated electron beam spots which might cause generation of unwanted color values from adjacent :angular color lines. e f

The purity-of the color may be further enhanced by the use of an electron polarizing element positioned between 'the source of the electron beam and the color screen, which will decrease the spread of the beam or the elon- :gated spot. Such electronscreen will be keyed to the 1criss-cross pattern of 'the color screen and is rprovided with lines which'are` coincidental with criss-cross lines of the color screen.

In obtaining additional c olor-V purity, it has been found d most satisfactory to utilize electron' positioning elements or electron lensl devices with such lens devices being positioned between the phosphor screen X and the deection coil or coils L. 1. e

As indicated at Q in Fig. 2 the preferred fornllfof electron lens consists of three groups or wires suchvas the group 100 for the green lines, the group 101 for the blue lines, and the group 102 for the red'lines.

'I'hese wires may extend, as indicated by the dot and dash lines in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, along each side of the v green bands G, blue bands B, and red bands R.

Desirably these lines may be spaced equally from the edlges of the redl bands, the blue bands and the green bands.

The edges of'the screens may be connected together so as to have a common electrical potential, the green bands being connected by the connection 103, the blue bands being connected by the connection 104, and the red bands being connected by the connection 10S.

These groups of wires are desirably positioned being Va to Vt inch in front of the phosphor screen.

Such positioning wire elements or screens may be used 'even without the fresnel lens filter Z to give the desired rcolor purication eiect. j

'I'hese electron positioning Wire screens may be formed of a wire mesh, the polygonal pattern of which will -correspond to the polygonal pattern of the phosphor lscreen X with each `group of parallel wires being insulated from each other group of parallel wires, but with the respective wires being positioned midway between the corresponding bands on the phosphor screen.

Instead of one screen it is, of course, possible to use separate screens with the parallel wires, two screens being used for a 2-color system and 3-screens being used for a 6 the elements F to L and will receive a synchronized voltalge ranging from 50 voltsV to 500 volts D.C. source'or' synchronized by thecolor sweep ampliers to coincide with the electric bar, beam, angular sweep application.

The automatic registry of the elongated electron beam spot will be obtainedwith greater light outpfut and greater color purity. f

Desirably the fresnel line arrangement-is separated from the color screen by predetermined distance of 1/8 inch to 1/2 inch, which is about ve to ten timesl the average wave length of the green line. I Y

The preferred arrangement therefore consists of crisscross color screen positioned between and spaced from the electron screen on the beam source side and a fresnel polygonall color lter on the `viewing side, the spacing being regulated so that there will be a maximum elimination of undesired color values with production of predetermined colored hue.

Therefore, the essential feature of the present invention is limited to a swept or elongated activating beam which is coordinatedV with a criss-cross-or polarized color screen and with a polarizing fesnel-lter arrangement in which the primary color values, red, green and blue, are produced in great intensity and purity without bleeding or haziness. The color phosphor lines being positioned in an angularly direction of movement of the elongated beam spot which iscaused to travel the color screen parallel to and upon the angulardirectio'n corresponding to the color line which is to be produced.

A pre-directing electron filter and/or the fresnel filter which are placed'before and afterthe criss-cross color phosphor screen will-.assure maximum intensity and clarity.

The variation in length of the bar will give wide variety of differentintensities and tonal gradations. The present system avoids mis-registry and seepage or fuzziness of color outline characteristic in the masking plate and dot procedure" and it results in a much more eifectiveuse of-tlie electron beam with greatly enhanced power, .brightness'and'color d enition. v"

The 'essential feature'of thepresent invention resides in the sweeping and 'rotation of theionspot which, instead of consisting of a dot when applied to the face platec0'11sists:of a bar which is rotated to a Vpredetermined 12,0" psitionrand which is lined up with a similar setof rotated color lines.

To produce the nal image, the polarized color lscreen will be illuminated bythe'electron bar beam spot cor'- responding to the color desired. Since the physical length of the electron bar beam is limited on the face plate, it will only extend to that vertical portion which will` exist between two horizontal scanning lines within each vertical scanning period. If two colors or combinations of colors are required, two electron bar beams will exist and both v colors will be displayed.

The number of colored phosphor lines of given color will vary for any size picture tube depending on the maximum amount permissible consistent with picture definition and resolution desired. The spacing and thickness therefore will vary accordingly.

' The scanning of the swept bar may be simultaneous or sequential.

This method which utilizes a conventional single electron gun kinescope which, with special face plate arrangement will give a high quality, tnue colored image. e

The invention thus provides a true tri-color picture tube where the three primary colors are obtained by three colored phosphors rearranged as criss-cross lines upon a sing-le face plate. By means of angular displacement of the electron beam whichis swept to form a thin elongated bar, the desired color effect will be obtained on the face plate Vresulting in a true colored image of the desired picture.

While there has herein been illustrated and described the preferred embodiment of the invention, it is to be 7 y understood that applicant does 4notlimit himself to the precise construction herein`disclosed,'and the rightis rreserved to all changespand modifications coming within the scope of the invention as dened in the appended claims. v I

Having now particularly described `and ascertainedvthe nature ofthe invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,

What is claimed is: l l p Y Y i 1 l. In a lter colortelevision tube having 'a neck and having a face plate with a criss crossxseries of colored bands, Van electron beam source and n'ieans to sweep said beam so as to give an elongated bar and` turn saidvfbar so as to sweep sai'd face plate'at apredetermineldfan'gle to pass upon and along said bands 'and a 'diffraction fresnel lensv grating positioned to screen out unwanted color values. p

2. In a color television tube having a neck and having a face plate, an electron beam source and means to sweep said beam so as to give an elongated bar andturn said bar so as to sweep said face plate ata predetermined angle to pass upon and along said bands, said face plate having a plurality of criss-cross color lines at angles to each other and a diiraction'fresnel 'lens grating positioned to screen out unwanted color values. v Y v 3. In a color television tube having a neck vandliaving a face plate, an electron beam Vsource and means to sweep said beam so as to give an elongated ba'r V andV turn said bar so as to sweep said faceplate at a predetermined angle,y `said face plate having a plurality of red, blue. and green lines at angles of 120 to each othcryand a hexagonal arrangement fresnel lens member to screen out unwanted color values.

4. In 'a color television tube having a neck and havingra face plate, an electron beam sourceand Ameans to sweep saidbeam so as to give an elongated b'ar and vturn said bar so as to sweep said face plate at a predetermined angle, said beam being swept so that its length in the direction of movement is from 3 to 10' timesmitsV Widthy in the transverse to the directionv of movement, and a hexagonal arrangement fresnel lens member 'to screen outunwanted color values.- A

4 S. A color televisionsystem comprising a face plate having a plurality of closely spaced v'differentialcolor lines spaced at angles to each other, a source ofanV electron beam and means to elongate and turn said'bea'm' to' sweep 'said lines at the predetermined angle, and a hexagonal arrr'gementfresnclleii member 'to screen out unwantedc'ol'or values: 1 Y' i cl'A ely sp Vdiierential color lines H O. @In Smie@- Qf ,arislefw met@ to. longs@ ndfurli Said beam wsweep he 4re'd'eteniine'd angle; said face plate conss-cross color pattern and a fresnel lens 4 7, ga fts'r'lr televisin tubehevingie .neck and havin a faceplate, electron beam source and means tosw p Ysaid bearfso as togive an velongated bar and 'djbar lso' jas to sweep saidiface plate at a prede- `l n leuargid means to screen out unwanted color values, said means including a'fresnel lens rarrangement on the side of the face plate away from the electron beam SQu-r .i t, .4

8."A color television tube withra polarizing lter comprising'a'tnbe w11 "a cylindrical ,power sourcefend portion' fand a divergenteonicalviewer endpor'tion`V with a faceplate' 'hetvirigVv parallel. bands of colored ,phosphors arranged in Vcrissfeross'rfashicnilat anglesto each other, a sctjshowin'g red, anotherl set obligue to said rst set showing 'green'andV a thirdj'st obliqueltoftheother two sets showing blue anda fresnelle'nspp'ositioned between the phosphor'arrang'ement :andthe position of the viewer, a Si electron'- 1minv S0ur 'to sweep said' .bands and me "to elongate said beam so that its llength will be 3 to l-t'iines'itsl'wiclth and to' turn the'dire'ciionof recproca.- tion of said beamuso Ithat itwillpass'alonglthe bands therespective. colofrof which is. tribe/produced.

y 9; fl'he'tube' of .claim 8, said d iierent' colored bands bei gat angles vc`5f 1210k to each'other.' p Y Q l The'tube' of claim-18,l thV fre'snel lenshavin'g a pluralityrof 'closely interlocked' hexagon lens units, the sides offv'yvhichviare Yparallel to and entend inthe same directions as said" colored bands.

iiereiics citez iii-111e sie or this parait' l f Y UNITED STATES PATENTS Sucher N0v.l12,'1957 i 4 comprising a face plate 

